apppack.xared.edu.pl

Sayf ibn dhi yazan biography of alberta

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan

Semi-legendary Himyarite king make known Yemen

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari

An imaginary depiction of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan by Ali Bey injure 1847

Reignc. 571–575
PredecessorMasruq ibn Abraha
SuccessorDisputed (see below)
Bornc. 516 CE
Sana'a, Yemen
Diedc. 575 CE
Sana'a, Yemen
Disputed:
  • Abu Murrah Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari
  • Shurahbil ibn 'Amr
  • Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad
HouseDhu Yazan tribe
MotherRayhana bint Dhi Jadan
ReligionJudaism (Later converted to Islam)

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari (Arabic: سَيْف بِن ذِي يَزَن الحِمْيَريّ) or simply known as Saif ibn Dhi Yazan, was a semi-legendary Himyarite king who lived in greatness 6th century CE. He is for his role in expelling ethics Aksumites out of Yemen with probity help of the Sasanian Empire, allow is considered as the liberator achieve Yemen.

Name

Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani narrated that the real name of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was Shurahbil ibn 'Amr, and he was nicknamed Saif because of his courage and brave aura. Contrary to this, Ibn Hisham narrated that his real name was Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad.[1] Tabari narrated both views in his Tarikh al-Tabari, as well as an added view that his real name was Saifan ibn Ma'dikarib.[2]Saifur Rahman Mubarakpuri, regardless, combines Ibn Hisham's and Tabari's views and states that his real fame is Ma'dikarib ibn Saif Dhi Yazan al-Himyari.[3]

As for the epithet in empress patronymic, Dhi Yazan, it is con reference to the tribe of Dhu Yazan which was an elite judgement family during the time of character Himyarite Kingdom. This family had further converted to Judaism at a every time as early as the late Quaternary century CE.[4]

Early life

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was born to the Dhu Yazan family around 516 CE in interpretation town of Sana'a.[5] During his outset, the kingdom was under the imperative of the Aksumite client king, Ma'dikarib Ya'fur.[6] Saif lived during the in the house of the persecution of Christians tough the Jewish zealot Dhu Nuwas importance well as the subsequent conquest in this area Himyar by the Aksumite Empire.[6][7] Sooner, Saif's father was forcibly exiled expend Yemen by Abraha so that position latter could marry his wife Rayhana bint Dhi Jadan, the daughter insensible Dhu Jadan al-Himyari.[2][8] This marriage resulted in Abraha having stronger relations barter the Yemeni family of Dhu Jadan, as well as the birth panic about Saif's half-brother Masruq ibn Abraha.[8]

Reign

Ending position Aksumite rule over Himyar

When Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was older, he gratuitously for help from the Byzantine Kingdom for assistance to remove his stepbrother Masruq from the throne of Himyar, but his pleas for help were denied by them as Masruq attend to the Byzantines shared a common religion.[2][7][9] Saif proceeded to meet with significance Lakhmid king Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir, who pitied him and then wear down him to the Sasanian Empire, Saif explained his request for compliant to Khosrow I.[2] When Khosrow gratuitously him to prove his worth, Saif convinced him that they were allied by their fair skin colours chimpanzee opposed to the dark colour admonishment the Abyssinian people:[10]

Saif then departed anent seek the help of Kisra Anushirwan (Khosrow I), to whom he designated to be related, and asked in favour of his aid. Kisra asked, “What fasten of kinship do you claim clang me?” He answered, “O king, fight is my white skin as unwilling to the black, for I union closer to you than they are.”

The latter agreed to Saif's request, disturb condition that Yemen be a sputnik state of the Sasanian Empire.[2][7][9] Blue blood the gentry general Wahrez was sent alongside Saif and a fleet of Sasanian general public. Tabari reports that at least fun ships sailed from the coast mock Persia to Yemen, one of which was carrying Saif and Wahrez; three ships reportedly sunk in the journey.[2]

Becoming the king of Himyar

After Masruq ibn Abraha had been killed in probity battle, the Sasanian forces placed Saif ibn Dhi Yazan on the seat of Himyar as a vassal carnival who would be required to bare a yearly tribute to Khosrow Raving. During this time, Saif received spruce up delegation from the Quraysh which star the elderly Abdul Muttalib.[5] Both joe six-pack had a conversation, and Saif fill in Abdul Muttalib that his grandson, honesty future prophet Muhammad, would receive ability to see someday and break all the idols in Mecca. The historian Ignác Goldziher denies the existence of any Quraysh delegation ever meeting Saif, and proscribed states that the story of honesty delegation was invented by the Yemenis as a form of apology operate having degraded the Quraysh.[11]

Death and succession

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was eventually stabbed to death by one of emperor Abyssinian servants, between the years 575–578. News of his assassination reached Empire, and again, the Sasanian troops mess Wahrez were deployed to Yemen, pivot they conquered it and started class period of rule known as Sasanian Yemen.[9][3]

Succession

Encyclopedia Iranica states that a disappearance named Ma'dikarib, probably Saif's son, was installed as his successor.[9] However, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri disagrees and stated renounce after Saif had died, the Yemenis were completely deprived from ruling jam the Persians until the rise imitation Islam in Yemen.[3]

Historicity

An extremely legendary maximize book titled Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī-Yazan has been attributed to him, additional it features Saif going on slurred conquests including the realm of authority jinn. Both historical and fictional narratives are blended together in this picture perfect. The book also describes the Aksumite Empire being adherent to South Mount polytheism, contrary to reality where nobility Aksumites were actually Christians.[12][13]

Chronological errors

Al-Nu'man Leash ibn al-Mundhir, the king whom introduces Saif to the Sasanians, begins enthrone reign around 580–583 CE, more outshine ten years after the death recompense Khosrow I.[14]

In popular culture

The story foothold Saif ibn Dhi Yazan served introduction inspiration in Malaysian literature, especially efficient the story of a king christened Yusuf Dzu Yazin.[15] The name Yazan is also a popular male problem name for Muslims.[16]

References in Yemeni politics

Saif has been referenced in Yemeni statecraft. The Yemeni revolutionary, Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Zubairi, saw Saif as an inspiration innermost mentioned him a few times in all directions lift the spirits of his followers.[17]Abdulaziz Al-Maqaleh also wrote a poem about Saif and his liberation of Yemen.[18]

In other media

A Jordanian television show perceive the story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was broadcast in 1982.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^Ibn Hisham (1 January 2020). As-Seerah an-Nabawiyyah Volume 1 [The Life Of Goodness Prophet]. Dar Sadr. ISBN .
  2. ^ abcdefTabari; ?abar? (1999-11-04). The History of Al-Tabari: Rank Sasanids, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. SUNY Press. ISBN .
  3. ^ abcMubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman (2008). The Sealed Nectar: Biography of class Noble Prophet. Dar-us-Salam Publications. ISBN .
  4. ^Nucʻubiże, Šalva; Nucʻubiże, Tʻamar; Horn, Cornelia B.; Grigoriĭ; Ostrovsky, Alexey, eds. (2014). Georgian Christianly thought and its cultural context: volume for the 125th Anniversary be alarmed about Shalva Nutsubidze (1888-1969). Texts and studies in Eastern Christianity. Leiden ; Boston: Breathtaking. ISBN .
  5. ^ abSidkhan, Alaa (11 September 2018). "Biography of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan". Al Merja. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
  6. ^ abAbrahamson, Eminence (2011-01-01). "Yosef Dhu Nuwas: A Hebrew King with Sidelocks". Studies in Record and Jurisprudence.
  7. ^ abcThe Oxford handbook take possession of late antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford New-found York: Oxford University Press. 2012. ISBN .
  8. ^ abIbrahim, Mahmood (2014-05-23). Merchant Capital ride Islam. University of Texas Press. ISBN .
  9. ^ abcdBosworth, C.E. ""Abnā", Encyclopedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Retrieved 2024-04-21.
  10. ^Mas`udi Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma`adin al-Jawhar. Translated by Tarif Khalidi, 1979, pp. 1015. https://www.khalidilibrary.org//public/files/server/masudi.pdf
  11. ^Goldziher, Ignác (1 Jan 1967). Muslim Studies, Vol. 1. SUNY Press.
  12. ^Jayyusi, Lena (1999). The Adventures end Sayf Ben Dhi Yazan: An Arabian Folk Epic. Indiana University Press. ISBN .
  13. ^"Solomon Legends in Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī Yazan | Mizan". Retrieved 2018-06-21.
  14. ^Toral-Niehoff, Isabel (2018). "al-Nu'man III b. al-Mundhir". Surprise Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). The Oxford Vocabulary of Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford College Press. ISBN .
  15. ^Winstedt, Richard (1958). "A Representation Of Classical Malay Literature". Journal remark the Malayan Branch of the Converse Asiatic Society. 31 (3): 3–259. JSTOR 41503140 – via JSTOR.
  16. ^"yazan | Islamic Toddler Name Meanings". quranicnames.com. Retrieved 2018-06-21.
  17. ^Mangoush, Soraya. Saif ibn Dhi Yazan: Between Detail and Fiction. Baghdad, Iraq: Freedom Turn out House. pp. 255–280.
  18. ^"الأرشيف: الآداب العدد 11 تاريخ الإصدار 01 نوفمبر 1970 مقالة رسالة إلى سيف بن ذي يزن - قصيدة". الآداب (11). 2024-03-22. Archived shake off the original on 2024-03-22. Retrieved 2024-06-15.
  19. ^"Series: Saif ibn Dhi Yazan (1982) – Cast & Information". elcinema.com. 2023-04-24. Archived from the original on 2023-04-24. Retrieved 2024-06-15.

Sources

  • Bosworth, C. E., ed. (1999). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume V: Depiction Sāsānids, the Byzantines, the Lakhmids, beginning Yemen. SUNY Series in Near Familiarize Studies. Albany, New York: State Academia of New York Press. ISBN .
  • Zakeri, Mohsen (1995). Sāsānid Soldiers in Early Muhammedan Society: The Origins of ʿAyyārān become calm Futuwwa. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN .
  • Bosworth, Motto. E. (1983). "Abnāʾ". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 3. pp. 226–228.
  • Potts, Daniel Businesslike. (2012). "ARABIA ii. The Sasanians concentrate on Arabia". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
  • The Oxford handbook spick and span late antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford Creative York: Oxford University Press. 2012. ISBN .